Permiso de residencia por matrimonio gay o de lesbianas

En Estados Unidos los matrimonios gays, conformados por dos hombres o dos mujeres, tienen los mismos derechos migratorios que los conformados por un varà ³n y una mujer. Lo fundamental en este tipo de matrimonios es que sean và ¡lidos segà ºn las leyes del lugar en el que se celebran, que no tiene que corresponder con las del lugar donde habitualmente residen los cà ³nyuges o uno de ellos.   A pesar de esta igualdad de derechos entre los  matrimonios gays y los heterosexuales, en ocasiones se producen conflictos o demoras porque se trata de un derecho relativamente reciente. Es por ello que el abogado de inmigracià ³n Frank Calabrese responde en la siguiente entrevista a dudas de gays, lesbianas, bisexuales y transexuales casados con personas de su mismo sexo, en relacià ³n al permiso de residencia (green card) y otros beneficios migratorios como visas de trabajo, peticiones de hijos, etc. Ademà ¡s, se finaliza este artà ­culo con importantes consejos migratorios para los casos en los que se està ¡ buscando la green card por matrimonio. Antecedentes y situacià ³n actual sobre derechos migratorios para matrimonios gays El 26 de junio de 2013, la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos sentencià ³ que era inconstitucional la Seccià ³n 3 de la Ley de Defensa del Matrimonio (DOMA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), que limitaba a efectos de reconocimiento federal el matrimonio al formado por un hombre y una mujer. Hasta esta decisià ³n de la Corte Suprema, DOMA prohibà ­a que el gobierno federal reconociese como và ¡lidos los matrimonios conformados por personas del mismo sexo.   Ahora que la Seccià ³n 3 de DOMA ya no es và ¡lida, desde el punto de vista de las leyes de inmigracià ³n, los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos y los residentes permanentes casados con personas de su mismo sexo reciben el mismo tratamiento que los matrimonios conformados por un hombre y una mujer. Pregunta:  ¿Tenemos que vivir en un estado que reconoce legalmente el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo para solicitar un permiso de residencia de residencia? Respuesta: No. Desde el punto de vista de inmigracià ³n, el matrimonio se reconoce siempre y cuando que sea và ¡lido en la jurisdiccià ³n en la que se celebrà ³. Si te has casado en un estado o en un paà ­s que reconoce legalmente el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo, tu matrimonio es reconocido a efectos de inmigracià ³n en los Estados Unidos. Los matrimonios pueden legalmente residir en cualquier estado de la Unià ³n Americana.  ¿Es suficiente tener una relacià ³n legalmente reconocida pero que no es matrimonio, como por ejemplo una unià ³n civil o una pareja de hecho? No en estos momentos. Si es posible, deben  casarse en una jurisdiccià ³n que permite el matrimonio entre parejas del mismo sexo brinda mayor seguridad y es un camino menos problemà ¡tico para solicitar la tarjeta de residencia, incluso en los casos en los que ya se està ¡ viviendo en una situacià ³n de unià ³n civil o pareja de hecho.  ¿Quà © pasa si mi pareja se encuentra fuera de los Estados Unidos y no podemos casarnos en su paà ­s de origen? Las leyes de inmigracià ³n de los Estados Unidos permiten la solicitud de una visa de prometido para parejas cuya intencià ³n es contraer matrimonio. Una vez que la visa es concedida, la persona extranjera puede entrar legalmente en Estados Unidos y la pareja debe contraer matrimonio en los 90 dà ­as siguientes en un estado que legalmente permite este tipo de matrimonio (esta visa solo aplica a ciudadanos, no a residentes) Asimismo, estas parejas pueden viajar a otro paà ­s donde el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo està ¡ legalmente reconocido y luego seguir el procedimiento consular que siguen las parejas casadas heterosexuales en el paà ­s de origen del cà ³nyuge extranjero. Conseguà ­ mi tarjeta de residencia por matrimonio con una mujer, pero desde entonces he hecho pà ºblica mi homosexualidad y ahora estoy casado con un hombre.  ¿Puedo solicitar una tarjeta de residencia para à ©l? Las personas que obtuvieron su residencia por razà ³n de un matrimonio anterior no tienen necesariamente una prohibicià ³n para solicitar a su nuevo cà ³nyuge. Sin embargo, como en todos los casos de matrimonio, esas personas tiene la obligacià ³n de demostrar que su relacià ³n es de buena fe. En estos casos un abogado experto puede ayudarte a examinar los posibles riesgos y beneficios y si hay o no un conjunto de circunstancias que pueden levantar sospechas de fraude en el oficial del USCIS que debe decidir sobre el caso. Y si tienes o no evidencia suficiente para vencer cualquier posible sospecha. Una compaà ±Ãƒ ­a americana me ha contratado para trabajar y vivir en los Estados Unidos con una visa H-1B.  ¿Puede tambià ©n vivir en EEUU mi cà ³nyuge que es de mi mismo sexo? Sà ­. Los matrimonios conformados por personas del mismo sexo està ¡n ahora reconocidos con igualdad de derechos migratorios que los matrimonios entre un hombre y una mujer. Si cumple con todos los requisitos para ser elegible, puede acompaà ±ar a su esposo o esposa siempre y cuando se trate de una categorà ­a de visas que contempla la posibilidad de visas derivadas para los cà ³nyuges, como son las H-4 (trabajo), J-2 (intercambio) o F-2 (estudiante), etc.  ¿Quà © pasa si mi pareja està ¡ en los Estados Unidos como indocumentado? ¿Todavà ­a podemos aplicar? Esto va a depender de tu caso concreto. Si la persona extranjera entrà ³ legalmente a los Estados Unidos por una aduana donde fue inspeccionado por un oficial de inmigracià ³n pero simplemente lo que ha hecho es quedarse mà ¡s tiempo del permitido, entonces en muchos casos puede que està © autorizado/a a solicitar la tarjeta de residencia basà ¡ndose en su matrimonio con un ciudadano americano. Pero si entrà ³ a los Estados Unidos simplemente cruzando la frontera sin que un oficial de inmigracià ³n le autorizase la entrada entonces en estos casos tendrà ¡ que salir de EEUU y solicitar la tarjeta de residencia en un consulado en su paà ­s de origen. En todo caso, algunos pueden necesitar solicitar ciertos perdones (conocidos como waiver en inglà ©s). Las leyes migratorias pueden ser muy complicadas en estos casos y si tà º o tu pareja està ¡n en los Estados Unidos como indocumentados o sin estatus, es muy recomendable solicitar el consejo de un abogado experto en estos temas antes de iniciar cualquier trà ¡mite.  ¿Quà © pasa si tenemos hijos? Cuando un ciudadano de los Estados Unidos aplica por una tarjeta de residencia para su esposo/a, tambià ©n puede pedir los papeles para los hijos de su cà ³nyuge por ser sus hijastros. Si el cà ³nyuge extranjero es el padre o la madre biolà ³gico de esos nià ±os, es posiblemente el mejor procedimiento a seguir, incluso en los casos en los que el ciudadano americano considera ya a esos muchachos como hijos propios. En todo caso los hijos deben ser menores de 21 aà ±os de edad, solteros y el matrimonio debe haberse celebrado antes de que los muchachos hayan cumplido los 18.  ¿Quà © pasa con la reforma migratoria? ¿Hay alguna razà ³n por la que puede recomendarse esperar? No se puede predecir lo que va a hacer el Congreso. La reforma migratoria puede ser aprobada o no en el futuro. En cualquier caso no hay modo de saber ahora cuà ¡les serà ­an las protecciones para las personas del colectivo LGBT que contemplarà ­a la ley. Mientras tanto, mientras el Servicio de Naturalizacià ³n e Inmigracià ³n (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y los consulados continà ºan implementando las leyes de inmigracià ³n de los Estados Unidos segà ºn las directrices actuales no es necesario que se aprueben mà ¡s leyes para que las parejas del mismo sexo legalmente casadas inicien sus trà ¡mites para la solicitud de la tarjeta de residencia.  ¿Podemos presentar la solicitud nosotros mismos o necesitamos a un abogado? ¿Necesitamos a un abogado especialista en temas de inmigracià ³n o en asuntos propios del colectivo LGBT? Mientras que es cierto que mucha gente solicita por sà ­ misma y con à ©xito las tarjetas de residencia por razà ³n de matrimonio, hay que tener en cuenta que las leyes de inmigracià ³n pueden ser bastante complicadas. Ademà ¡s, las solicitudes en los casos de matrimonios conformados por personas del mismo sexo es todavà ­a un à ¡rea legal nueva y que muchos oficiales de inmigracià ³n no tiene todavà ­a el suficiente conocimiento o no se sienten cà ³modos con estos asuntos. El consejo de un abogado experto puede ayudar a evitar los problemas que puedan surgir. Las respuestas anteriores sà ³lo tienen un propà ³sito informativo general y NO substituyen o constituyen consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto ni tampoco son la base de una relacià ³n abogado-cliente. Deberà ­as consular con un abogado de inmigracià ³n sobre las circunstancias particulares de tu caso antes de tomar ninguna decisià ³n sobre tu situacià ³n o iniciar algà ºn trà ¡mite. Consejos migratorios en caso de green card por matrimonio Tanto los ciudadanos americanos como los residentes permanentes legales pueden solicitar la green card para su cà ³nyuge por razà ³n de matrimonio. Aunque bà ¡sicamente los requisitos son los mismos en ambas situaciones es conveniente destacar importantes diferencias. En primer lugar, el tiempo de tramitacià ³n, ya que es mà ¡s rà ¡pido en el caso de las peticiones presentadas por ciudadanos. Los residentes deben esperar por cupo, segà ºn datos actualizados mensualmente en el boletà ­n de visas.   En segundo lugar, es muy recomendable prestar atencià ³n en los casos en los que el cà ³nyuge pedido està © en Estados Unidos en situacià ³n de indocumentado. La razà ³n es que en el caso de peticià ³n de residentes no pueden ajustar su estatus y en el caso de solicitud de ciudadanos sà ³lo cuando la persona pedida entrà ³ legalmente a los Estados Unidos (con la excepcià ³n de los casados con militares en aplicacià ³n del programa Parole in Place). La consecuencia de ello es que si no es posible ajustar el estatus se tendrà ¡ que finalizar el proceso fuera de los Estados Unidos, lo cual harà ¡ saltar el castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os. Y en tercer lugar, en algunos casos las tarjetas de residencia que se obtienen por razà ³n de matrimonio con ciudadano pueden ser, inicialmente, temporales por sà ³lo dos aà ±os. En este caso es obligatorio levantar la condicionalidad para convertir esa residencia temporal en permanente. Asimismo, es importante seà ±alar que el solicitante de la green card para su cà ³nyuge puede en cualquier momento poner fin a los trà ¡mites. Sin embargo, esto no puede utilizarse como una amenaza hacia el cà ³nyuge extranjero. Y es que en casos de abuso podrà ­a tener derecho a obtener por sà ­ mismo la green card en base al programa VAWA. Finalmente, al igual que ocurre con los matrimonios heterosexuales, los matrimonios de conveniencia con el fin de obtener la green card està ¡n penados por la ley. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal

Corporate Governance Practices Of Small Businesses

Outline the corporate governance practices of small businesses in Australia? Compare and evaluate the role of owners and managers. Business is an economic activity, which is associated with systematic production and allocation of goods and services that gives better satisfaction for human being. Generally, business play the major role to develop the social and economic condition of Australia. There are different types of business such as Small business, Franchise, Online business, Family business, Independent contractor, Importer and Exporter which may depend on personal circumstances, interests, finances and business objectives. Moreover, among these varieties a number of criteria are used to define the small business for example total†¦show more content†¦However, all companies have an obligation to keep their minimum seven year old financial records which must comply with tax regulation, superannuation, health and safety and environment laws. It should ensure an effective relationship with shareholders (Heenetigala, K. Armstrong, A. 2011). So, ethical and responsible decision making is good key to pr omote the governance practices. For enhance, first key is, to establish code of conduct (to maintain the company’s confidence), second policy related with diversity (means disclose in each annual report the proportion of women employees in the whole organization) (ASX, 2007, p.10). There are several roles of the owner of small business in an organisation related to the corporate governance. First of all, the owner is involved in finance performance to preparing annual forecast and who has access to at least one year’s financial records. The owners always runs their budgets and projections, especially about sales and income of the business, to handle financial conditions. In addition, budgets and annual forecasting by finance department gives an overview of the financial performance conduct monthly and yearly. A small business owner usually wants to expertise their products and services which are generally related with customer’s internal and external

Crisis Intervention Free Essays

Crisis and Intervention An environmental crisis situation occurred on New Year’s A tornado touched down in the area serve in Missouri. I was one of the first on the scene after the first responders Many of the victims had been evacuated and were not being allowed back into the are The few people that did service were In such shock that lust a cup of coffee and help In communicating with their loved ones was all they wanted at the moment. Ell towers, phone lines, power lines, etc were down In the area, so communication was difficult. We will write a custom essay sample on Crisis Intervention or any similar topic only for you Order Now On a dally basis however I encounter developmental crawls situations; these tuitions are developmental In nature because many have been raised In homes where financial crawls Is a dally event. Many of the clients I serve have been repeat clients for many years. Often times their parent’s or grandparent’s were also habitual clients. They often times are seeking food assistance as well as assistance In paying utility bills and rental cost. These situations are all crisis because tot the effect they have on the individual. Whether the crisis is situational, environmental or developmental the basis emotion is the same tort the person in the midst tot the crisis. A crisis is a negative event that is often times unexpected to the individual. Even in the case of the person in need of utility assistance. Ear on a daily basis, â€Å"l thought rd get the money to pay my bill, I never thought I’d be disconnected. How to cite Crisis Intervention, Papers Crisis Intervention Free Essays Future Trends in Crisis Intervention Abstract Mental Health Paraprofessionals (MHPP) will work with the client and family on behavioral issues that occur in the home, school, and community. The MHPP serves on the treatment team and assists professional staff with the execution of the treatment plan. They also assist with securing community services that might be available to the client and the client’s family. We will write a custom essay sample on Crisis Intervention or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of intensive Mental Health Paraprofessional Intervention is to enable the client to be maintained in the most normalized, least restrictive setting as possible, and to prevent unnecessary, inappropriate institutionalization. This paper discusses an overview paraprofessionals, the impact the paraprofessionals have on the field, the challenges that organizations are faced, and how to manage with the implemented changes. Future Trends in Crisis Intervention As the population in the United States continues to climb the need for human services professionals does the same. Human service agencies are often face the dilemmas of being over-worked and under paid. Professionals in this field are often prone to burnout because of these dilemmas. Sadly, human service agencies are often the first to experience budget cuts. These budget cuts affect the human service professional’s organization, facility, coworkers, pay, clients, and their personal moral. Leading officials of many human service organizations are noticing the affects of these dilemmas and are trying proactive approaches in solving the epidemics. As a result, the paraprofessional is becoming increasingly popular as the organization can fill the much needed worker positions and assist in alleviating clinician case load. This paper discusses the impact of this trend on the human services field and how the trend will impact the practice of crisis intervention in the future. The challenges faced as a result of the impact, and how the worker can proactively deal with this expanding trend is also covered. It is vital for these services to keep up with the demand and save as much of the valuable budget money. The Paraprofessional Counseling paraprofessionals are bachelor’s level graduates whom have completed a course in order to become certified as a paraprofessional. Paraprofessionals generally work in mental health centers, crisis units, day treatment programs and group homes. Generally they provide direct care to patients, where as a counselor, psychologist or psychiatrist offer more specified trained services. Treatment centers will employ support staff to work directly with their patients; counseling center paraprofessionals (CCP) are distinctly different from other support staff (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). They hold a certification in working with the mentally ill and a bachelor’s degree while certified counseling technicians (CCT) have a similar certification, but hold a high school diploma instead of a bachelor’s degree (Barrios amp; Perlas, 2010). Some treatment centers will also hire direct service professionals that do not have CCP or CCT certifications, but generally, those whom hold a certification are in higher demand and are more employable. Contact of a Paraprofessional The main purpose of a CCP is to interact directly with patients in their care; this may involve setting and enforcing rules on unit, organizing daily activities, and helping with chores or other similar duties. According to Christine Wyman (2012), â€Å"They often have more contact with clients that much of the other staff, including doctors, psychologists, and therapists, as the CCP is usually in charge of the client’s day to day activities. † Though the CCP performs less specialized work, they often have the most insight into individual clients. Because of the constant contact they are an invaluable member of the treatment team. With how often CCP’s get to observe patients on a daily basis they are able to pick up on behavior patterns that other staff may not see. They are also able to see how various treatments affect a patient in their daily lives. Some CCPs are designated to work one on one with a single client. A CCP in this role is often assigned as such because a client has a particular need. â€Å"Such needs could include but are not limited to helping a client with severe cognitive or physical limitations, watching a client whom is a danger to himself or others or working with a client whose treatment goals involve intensive one on one work† (Wyman, 2012). Impact There are many ways that the use of counseling center paraprofessionals can benefit the organization. One of the many benefits of the paraprofessional in the human service career field could be that they require less training than typical clinician or other human service professional. That way the CCP is able to become certified and begin work in a much shorter time frame then someone who is going through all the required schooling and testing to become a licensed professional. Another aspect deals with the lesser amount of pay therefore saving the organization money. With the way budgets are being cut it is important to stretch every dollar as much as possible. â€Å"Someone without the education or licensure will not be able to do as much as a professional and therefore require less pay therefore saving money for other areas it is needed† (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). Since CCP’s spend a great deal of time with the patients they serve as valuable member of the treatment team in helping diagnose issues and observe if prescribed treatments are working. With the CCP’s doing this then that opens up the professionals to work with more clients on a one on one basis. Challenges Paraprofessionals in the human services field can be considered both an important asset and a nuisance to the clinicians and the clients served. With all the good that a paraprofessional brings the position also has some negatives. During this tumultuous economy, districts find themselves entertaining a variety of solutions as a means of tackling severe budget reductions, and colleges are faced with the impossible task of providing quality student services without adequate resources. As a result, paraprofessionals may have absorbed additional duties previously performed by a robust counseling department. Also the CCP’s can be improperly trained or supervised. Because of these two occurrences the care provided can suffer. When people are overworked they are more likely to suffer from burnout. In this case the lack of CCP’s can cause burnout on behalf of the professionals and if the CCP’s are doing more than they should they can become burnt out. Managing Paraprofessional responsibilities should not extend beyond information dissemination. When the duties expand into goal setting, planning or decision making, the paraprofessional has overstepped his/her professional boundaries. It is recommended that paraprofessional roles and duties be assessed to ensure that paraprofessionals do not extend beyond their primary job description (Barrios ;amp; Perlas, 2010). If paraprofessionals are utilized, proper training and supervision are imperative. Both training and supervision should be conducted with counselors taking an active role in both. Training methods could include individual one-on-one trainings, small group trainings, or an in-service training to the greater college community in order to differentiate the goals and responsibilities between counselors and paraprofessionals. Trainings and supervision should include clearly defined responsibilities and a counselor referral process. Identification badges, that include name and position, should be provided along with ethical and confidentiality regulations. Closing Crisis Intervention Counseling plays an important role and benefits many people in their time of need. With the direction of society and the numerous budget cuts that are implemented each year, the affected organizations that provide these services must find the best way to survive. In hiring counseling center paraprofessionals the group takes some of the pressure off of the professionals and spread the work out more evenly. This move also saves the organization money on a tight budget. There are many issues that face the human service field and counseling in the future but one major is the funding. CCP’s can do a lot to solve this issue now and in the future as budgets for these services get cut even more. How to cite Crisis Intervention, Papers

Against Still Life Essay Example For Students

Against Still Life Essay Atwood is a well known poet and novelist who has a certain way of grabbing the attention of the reader and throwing the readers thoughts around without her even realizing it. In Against Still Life for example, Atwood opens her poem with an orange, nothing more than an orange. By the end of the poem she has got the reader pondering what men think about. It is assumed that Atwood is the speaker of the poem and the setting is simply a situation most of us can find ourselves in often. The speaker of the poem is Margaret Atwood herself. We will write a custom essay on Against Still Life specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She describes thoughts that would only belong to her. Atwood uses the word I to describe herself in the poem and you to describe a second party other than the reader, who we later find to be a man. The poem, seems as though it is directed as a thought to the man, not a conversation or a poem for him to read, but Atwoods desire to know this mans thoughts. Atwood is clever, and describes feelings and the frustrations that any woman has felt about a man. This makes us really wonder if Atwood truly feels this way, or if she is just describing feelings that a general woman have about a general man. I believe Atwood did this on purpose not only to more easily relate to the reader but because she once said in a lecture, Plato said that poets should be excluded from the ideal republic because they are such liars. I am a poet, and I affirm that this is true. About no subject are poets tempted to lie so much as about their own lives I of course being also a novelist am a much more truthful person than that. But since poets lie, how can you believe me? Atwood. This suggests that maybe Atwood doesnt really feel this way about a man, she could have made the whole thing up simply to please and relate to her readers, but then again, she could be telling the truth. Atwoods attitude in the poem is very demanding and unknowing. She is a woman who wants answers about a man. She is having a hard time understanding this man and wants to know whats going on inside his head. This happens to describe Atwood perfectly because she once said her husband who is also a writer was etter than a dentist. At least another writer knows why you are being so strange. And you can take long vacations Author Profile. In the poem, Atwood compares an orange to the man. It is said that Atwood often writes of food in her publications because she feels as though women have come to feel uncomfortable with themselves and food. Atwood probes the prohibitions on the public display of female appetite and  the social taboos which surround women and food in terms of the politics of eating Parker. I believe Atwood does this to make herself and the reader feel more comfortable with the frustrations she describes. She can only see the outside of the orange in the same way that she can only see the outside of the man. But she wants more than that, I want to pick it up in my hand I want to peel the skin off; I want more to be said to me than just Orange: want to be told everything it has to say Muller 255. She wants to know all she can about the man, and it is driving her crazy not knowing whats really going on inside that head of his. There is a constant battle in our world; men want to know how women really work and think, and women want to know what men really work and think. Atwood even mentions that she knows the man is thinking the same thing she is, and she wants to make him say it out load. ake me want to wrench you into saying: now Id crack your skull like a walnut, split it like a pumpkin to make you talk, or get a look inside Muller 256. .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .postImageUrl , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:hover , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:visited , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:active { border:0!important; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:active , .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub3b119107fdc917cdd4fe627c3720afa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Commander Lee EssayShe knows that this man has the same thoughts about her. She knows that he has this overwhelming desire to understand her by knowing everything and anything about her. It frustrates her even more that he doesnt and wont tell her that he has these feelings. Atwood wants to be able to relate her feelings to his feelings any way she can, and she feels as though his orange silence will not let her. Atwood paints the scene beautifully. A man and a women, sitting across from one another at a table and in the center of the table, an orange, Orange, in the middle of the table nd you, sitting across the table, at a distance with your smile contained, and like the orange in the sun; silent {Quote}. This could be taking place somewhere as simple as Atwoods personal kitchen or maybe in a park at a picnic bench. The woman is sitting there with orange and man in perfect line of view. She first stares at the orange. Her eyes move from the orange to the man and she notices how alike they are because she has no idea whats going on in the inside of either one. The situation then becomes uncomfortable for Atwood as she realizes she is sitting across from someone who is as quiet and awkwardly easily compared to an orange. She wants to know everything about the man including past, present and future. It is not enough that he is just smiling, sitting across from her. As she continues to describe her intense feelings on how she wants to know whats inside the man, she mentions a thing of great importance. Instead of the poem being an  actual scene, it could really be taking place anywhere. Maybe she is describing an on-going thought, in which she feels the same wonderment whenever she is sitting across from this man. So, she says, and you, man, orange afternoon lover, wherever you sit across from me tables, trains, buses if I watch quietly enough and long enough. It seems as though Atwood realizes that she may never really ever know what the man is thinking, and she will probably always have the same thoughts when sitting across from the man, wherever they are. The reader can now identify with this situation. Atwood weaves words together so that it could be any woman or man, any where, any place, sitting across from a person of the opposite sex wanting to know what the other is all about. Atwood discovers that through each conversation she would find, there are mountains inside your skull garden and chaos, ocean and hurricane; certain corners of rooms, portraits of great-grandmother s, curtains of a particular shade; your deserts; our private dinosaurs; the first womanMuller 256. These sorts of answers could only be explained and interpreted through several conversations through life. And even then, the answers given to Atwoods questions might not be understood and she would be left off right where she left off, with no true understanding at all. But she doesnt care, she wants to know everything from the beginning.

What Is The Definition Of Marriage Essays - Marriage,

What Is The Definition Of Marriage? What is the definition of marriage? What is marriage? In Webster's Dictionary marriage is defined as the institution whereby men and women are joined in special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. The definition states ?a man and a woman not a man and a man?. Some people believe same gender marriages should be allowed. But right now the law doesn't allow same gender marriages. I guess only time will tell if that law will ever change. Marriage has always been an evolving institution, bent and shaped by the historical moment and the needs and demands of its participants (Johnson 266). The Romans recognized the phenomenon we call ?falling in love,? but they considered it a hindrance to the establishment of stable households (266). Marriages certified by the state had their foundations not in religion or romance but in pragmatics-e.g., the joining of socially prominent households (266). At the beginning of the thirteenth century, facing schisms and heresies, and seeking to consolidate its power, the Catholic Church institutionalized marriage, confirming it as a sacrament and requring that a priest officiate-a crucial step in the intrusion of organized religion into what had previously been a private transaction (266). So instead of just having any person marry a couple you now have to have a priests officiate the couple. This is another issue that makes a marriage more difficult besides the gender issue. To be an official marriage a couple must have a license and the right person to perform the wedding, like a justice of the peace or a priests. Throughout the U.S. same-gender marriages are illegal. The state of Hawaii tried recently to allow these marriages. However, Congress overwhelmingly passed the Defense of Marriage Act. This act undercut Hawaii's effort and made it practically useless. The Defense of Marriage Act permitted states not to recognize same-gender marriages performed in other states. There is a separation between church and state in this country (Sullivan 260). Andrew Sullivan states ?we are asking only that when the government gives out civil marriage licenses, those of us who are gay should be treated like anybody else? (260). Many people just don't believe marriage should be between two people of the same sex. Throughout history marriage has always been between a man and a woman and that's the way many want to keep it. Many people believe that gay marriage would cause the American family to break down. Others say they are citizens just like you and me and deserve equal rights. Lisa Bennett poses the issue like this: What the people who have the power to rule on same-sex marriage know of a relationship like mine, I cannot say. I know they claim that our marriage would make a mockery of theirs; they warn that our families would cause the decline of the American family; and they label our love immoral, disgusting, even dangerous. The shocking thing is that before I knew what it meant to fall in love with a person of the same sex, I might have agreed with them. But now, having been on both sides of the fence. I know that to understand a life that is different from the life lived by most people takes time-and an open mind.Like everybody else I know I want to get married because I was raised to believe that marriage is how we best honor a lifelong relationship. I want to feel the support from the family and society that marriage brings. And I want people tp know they can not interfere: Love is love, In whatever shape it comes, it deserves respect. Throughout history marriage is believed to be a union between two people. These two people have always been a man and a woman. Not a man and another man, or a woman and another woman. This belief has been challenged in recent years because many people believe it's time for a change. They feel that if you are in love the same gender issue should not matter. It's going to take many more years I believe for the laws to change. People in this day and age just are not ready for same

What Is The Definition Of Marriage Essays - Marriage,

What Is The Definition Of Marriage? What is the definition of marriage? What is marriage? In Webster's Dictionary marriage is defined as the institution whereby men and women are joined in special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. The definition states ?a man and a woman not a man and a man?. Some people believe same gender marriages should be allowed. But right now the law doesn't allow same gender marriages. I guess only time will tell if that law will ever change. Marriage has always been an evolving institution, bent and shaped by the historical moment and the needs and demands of its participants (Johnson 266). The Romans recognized the phenomenon we call ?falling in love,? but they considered it a hindrance to the establishment of stable households (266). Marriages certified by the state had their foundations not in religion or romance but in pragmatics-e.g., the joining of socially prominent households (266). At the beginning of the thirteenth century, facing schisms and heresies, and seeking to consolidate its power, the Catholic Church institutionalized marriage, confirming it as a sacrament and requring that a priest officiate-a crucial step in the intrusion of organized religion into what had previously been a private transaction (266). So instead of just having any person marry a couple you now have to have a priests officiate the couple. This is another issue that makes a marriage more difficult besides the gender issue. To be an official marriage a couple must have a license and the right person to perform the wedding, like a justice of the peace or a priests. Throughout the U.S. same-gender marriages are illegal. The state of Hawaii tried recently to allow these marriages. However, Congress overwhelmingly passed the Defense of Marriage Act. This act undercut Hawaii's effort and made it practically useless. The Defense of Marriage Act permitted states not to recognize same-gender marriages performed in other states. There is a separation between church and state in this country (Sullivan 260). Andrew Sullivan states ?we are asking only that when the government gives out civil marriage licenses, those of us who are gay should be treated like anybody else? (260). Many people just don't believe marriage should be between two people of the same sex. Throughout history marriage has always been between a man and a woman and that's the way many want to keep it. Many people believe that gay marriage would cause the American family to break down. Others say they are citizens just like you and me and deserve equal rights. Lisa Bennett poses the issue like this: What the people who have the power to rule on same-sex marriage know of a relationship like mine, I cannot say. I know they claim that our marriage would make a mockery of theirs; they warn that our families would cause the decline of the American family; and they label our love immoral, disgusting, even dangerous. The shocking thing is that before I knew what it meant to fall in love with a person of the same sex, I might have agreed with them. But now, having been on both sides of the fence. I know that to understand a life that is different from the life lived by most people takes time-and an open mind.Like everybody else I know I want to get married because I was raised to believe that marriage is how we best honor a lifelong relationship. I want to feel the support from the family and society that marriage brings. And I want people tp know they can not interfere: Love is love, In whatever shape it comes, it deserves respect. Throughout history marriage is believed to be a union between two people. These two people have always been a man and a woman. Not a man and another man, or a woman and another woman. This belief has been challenged in recent years because many people believe it's time for a change. They feel that if you are in love the same gender issue should not matter. It's going to take many more years I believe for the laws to change. People in this day and age just are not ready for same

The Roaring Twenties and the Illusion of Prosperity essays

The Roaring Twenties and the Illusion of Prosperity essays The Roaring Twenties had the illusion of prosperity for all. This was the result of the new advancements in technology of that time. The economic transformations brought about changes in all aspects of society and seemed to push the nation into an age of modernism and prosperity. However, beneath the success that seemed to permeate during the 20's, immigration, urban growth, and social tensions remained polemic issues. Like any other time of prosperity experienced before, people attempted to counter the new way of life. Many new organizations and ideas arose in response to the original values and attitudes. The Ku Klux Klan, fundamentalism, and prohibition all aimed to reform society. Though the 20's experienced economic success, the issues that came along with that success and the changing times evoked social conflict from different peoples. The conservative political and cultural values that were being espoused threatened to tear the social fabric. The KKK, fundamentalism, and pr ohibition struggled to limit the extent of change. Many felt that immigrants, blacks and new beliefs were tainting the American way of life. The Ku Klux Klan hoped to act as a catharsis to filter out alien influences and other impurities that had corrupted traditional American values. The KKK opposed the theory of evolution and supported traditional Protestant values and restriction on immigration. The hope ban the immigration of inferior peoples came in response to the nativism of the Klan. Jews, Catholics, and most of all, blacks were the main targets of the Klan. In response to the new values of the 20's, they denounced the Flapper lifestyle and the "demon rum." Traditional family values and ethnic, moral and religious purity that the Klan advocated appealed to many. Also, there was the excitement and cohesion that the Klan provided which led to increased membership. One member wrote, "Who can look upon a multitude of white-robed Klansmen without th...

Compare a gay speaker to a straight speaker Essay

Compare a gay speaker to a straight speaker - Essay Example However, one also believes that other factors influence the manner by which oral or verbal communication is relayed. As such, the research questions are as follows: (1) Does intonation of gays share similar patterns with females, more than male counterparts? (2) Does phrasing or the manner of responding to questions of gays or men depend somehow on stereotyped beliefs according to sexual orientation? The data collection method is through one-on-one or face-to-face interview. Two (2) separate interviews were conducted by the researcher on different settings and occasions. The gay person would be referred to as Speaker 1 and the male person interviewed would be referred to as Speaker 2. Speaker 1 was interviewed for about a little less than 20 minutes; while Speaker 2 was interviewed for about a little more than 40 minutes. A prepared set of questions assisted in soliciting the needed information and responses for both speakers. To facilitate the speakers’ ability to respond, easy and personal questions relating to their experiences, perceptions, and views formed the framework of the research methodology. The speakers were informed that their responses would be recorded and that their responses would be held in strict and confidential nature. Interviewing men from different gender types in terms of linguistic patterns generated similar and different results. To simplify data gathering and collection and compare the speakers’ linguistic phenomenon on a similar context, similar time frames were used as a point of review. For instance, for the first 10 minutes, the number of times that the speakers were noted to have exhibited rising intonations as contrasted with falling intonations, as well as providing concise responses in contrast to expounding on the issues, were noted. Likewise, the overall speed of the responses (slow versus

Target group analysis of RedBull in UK Coursework

Target group analysis of RedBull in UK - Coursework Example The products also targeted the credibility of those that were involved in interaction with the young target audience (RED BULL GMBH v POTTERS LTD, 2013). The young group was the main target through the promotion and sales. Those that were close such as disc jokers were also target as they were able to promote the product more. Education that was carried out on the product-targeted consumers that are thought might need a lift. The places that were much explored with the sales include those that were in building and construction sites and those that were in offices. Those involved in the brand and product marketing use the local knowledge that they have to increase sale of the product. High profile marketing of the company has focused on maintaining a link with extreme sports. The sponsor that the company has given to two Formula one teams has enabled reaching the youthful energetic audience that has been the target (RED BULL GMBH v POTTERS LTD, 2013). The groups of consumer that have been targeted in all the activities of the company are those that use more energy as the product is an energy drink. The groups are mainly those in the youthful sage, those that are involve in sporting activities and also any of those that carry out activities that require more

Discussion board forum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Discussion board forum - Assignment Example The federal government offer aids to workers in states with high unemployment rates through Emergency unemployment compensation (EUC) (Asmundson). Unemployment befits makes the unemployed relax instead of searching for jobs. Lengthening their job search period increases burden on those who are working. This makes the employed lose morale, hence affects their productivity and the e onomic growth of the nation. The more workers stay out of their jobs, the more their skills become affected and their chances of remaining unemployed increases (Asmundson). This will eventually lead to a less skilled workforce hence affecting productivity of the nation. Currently, many states have depleted their insurance funds and are depending on the federal government for loans. In order to replenish their trust funds, the states will have to increase payroll takes hence increasing burden on the workers (Asmundson). Also makes it difficult for employers to hire more employees. Consequently, it will affect the economy of the state. For any commodities that people are willing to buy, there are people who will be willing to produce and sell. The firms usually depend on macro forecasters to determine the economic conditions in order to identify the demands. The companies then determine what to produce, the quantities as well as the pricings. Demand therefore drives the market since it regulates supply. In the case of Isaiah 44:15-17, the wood is in demand. The man needs to make an idol, which he worships. However, he also has other demands such as warming himself and baking bread for food. Because of the many demands, he uses the supply he gets to satisfy his needs Companies that manufacture cigarettes know the effects it poses to the health of its users. They also know that cigarettes smokers also pose a threat to the passive smokers around them. Despite the fact that they acknowledge smoking cause life-threatening

Gifted Learners in Diverse Classroom Essay Example for Free

Gifted Learners in Diverse Classroom Essay As our nation becomes more culturally diverse we our schools need to begin modeling and preparing for this diversity. The importance of learning about diversity in culture and stereotypes is of particular concern with gifted learners. This article discusses the Ford and Harris model (2000) which combines higher order thinking skills with culturally relevant content to engage students in analysis, synthesis, and evaluation as they examine different perspectives and become involved in social action. There are several different methods to this model that can be used a social studies classroom to engage gifted learners. The first is the transformational approach where the curriculum is set up to show contributions and perspectives of many groups. This allows students to see various perspectives across the spectrum of cultures. Next, the social action approach has students identify issues that they think might need to be changed and make action plans. They are empowered in both of these approaches. Blooms Taxonomy is used at the highest level in both of these models and students are able to learn from themselves, inwardly, and from each other in order to hopefully develop positive relationships. Along with using these two approaches discussions, infusions of literature and poetry, role-playing, examining primary documents, ethnographic research, photojournalism, and service learning are easily applied to middle and high school classrooms. The importance of keeping gifted students engaged has been well documented. High qualities discussions have in the classroom are a great way for student to share, debate, develop original thinking and analyze various perspectives of other gifted students. In a multicultural classroom discussions could become significant learning experiences for young people by allowing participants to challenge the points of view held by others while reexamining their own beliefs Parker (2001). Multicultural literature infused into the classroom and curriculum can give many cultural perspectives for students to reflect upon. Teachers reported gains in self-esteem and academic achievement in diverse students when given literature in which they felt reflected their own culture. Another good technique that teachers can use in a multicultural classroom is role-play. When students place themselves into the role of another it is found that they internalize the culture while also learning about the content. This use of critical thinking skills, along with cooperative learning is a big part of a multicultural classroom. Role-play is one strategy that enriches instruction and supports the unusual sensitivity to the feelings of others evident in gifted learners (Clark, 2007; Piechowski, 2006). Teachers, who have used the process of ethnographic research, or the study and systematic recording of human cultures, have found that gifted students are enriched with the process. Ethnographic research includes interviews, artifacts and observations. Along with Ethnographic research the use of primary documents is an important part of a multicultural classroom. Examples include manuscripts, diaries, letters, photographs, postcards, posters, audio or video recordings, oral histories, speeches, or official documents (Bogdan Biklen, 2006). Primary documents are increasingly becoming a part of the questioning process on the end of course exams so it is vital that gifted students are given access to them and understand their importance. Photographs, or photojournalism can be impactful for the visual gifted learners. Photojournalism supports numerous characteristics of gifted learners, including their emotional depth and intensity, as well as their strong capacity for processing information, generating original ideas, and comprehensively synthesizing ideas and solutions (Clark, 2007; Davis et al. 2011). Finally, service learning is an area were gifted learners are provided the opportunity be creative with their ideas. In service learning students can find a need in the community and find a method to assist. Because many gifted learners have high levels of empathy this suits them well. Terry (2008) noted that service learning can help gifted learners reach their creative potential as they seek solutions to societys problems, while also assisting them in their journey toward self-actualization. There are many methods that creativity and diversity can be brought into a multicultural classroom. With gifted students choice and variety is important so that the student remains engaged. The gifted learners needs will drive much of the instruction. This is just a few of the ideas that would work in a social studies classroom in particular. As with all things creativity, curriculum and enrichment are the key to keeping students engaged with gifted learners.

High Altitude Climbing :: essays research papers fc

High altitude climbing is a very dangerous sport, well, we won’t call it a sport, it is more like a profession for highly skilled individuals. High altitude climbing is when mountain climbers decide that they want to climb higher  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  and more difficult mountains. To do this they need the right training and also need to know the effects of high altitude climbing to their bodies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The body attempts to maintain a state of homeostasis or balance to ensure the optimal operating environment for its complex chemical systems. Any change from this homeostasis is a change away from the best possible operating environment. The body attempts to correct this imbalance. One such imbalance is the effect of increasing altitude on the body's ability to provide adequate oxygen to be utilized in cellular respiration. With an increase in elevation, a typical occurrence when climbing mountains, the body is forced to respond in various ways to the changes in external environment. Foremost of these changes is the diminished ability to obtain oxygen from the atmosphere. If the adaptive responses to this stressor are inadequate the performance of body systems may decline dramatically. If prolonged the results can be serious or even fatal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In looking at the effect of altitude on body functioning we first must understand what occurs in the external environment at higher elevations and then observe the important changes that occur in the internal environment of the body in response. In discussing altitude change and its effect on the body mountaineers generally define altitude according to the scale of high (8,000 - 12,000 feet), very high (12,000 - 18,000 feet), and extremely high (18,000+ feet), (Hubble, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A common misperception of the change in external environment with increased altitude is that there is decreased oxygen. This is not correct as the concentration of oxygen at sea level is about 21% and stays relatively unchanged until over 50,000 feet (Johnson, 1988). What is really happening is that the atmospheric pressure is decreasing and subsequently the amount of oxygen available in a single breath of air is significantly less. At sea level the barometric pressure averages 760 mmHg while at 12,000 feet it is only 483 mmHg. This decrease in total atmospheric pressure means that there are 40% fewer oxygen molecules per breath at this altitude compared to sea level (Princeton, 1995). The pulmonary surface and the thickness of the alveolar membranes are not directly affected by a change in altitude.

Organizational/Industrial Psychologist

Industrial/Organizational psychology refers to a branch of psychology concerned with offering solutions to challenges as well as problems facing the modern organizations. Industrial/ Organizational psychology refers to a branch of psychology which mainly concerns itself with offering solutions to challenges as well as problems facing individuals or workers at their workplace. The professionals in this field otherwise referred to as industrial/organizational psychologists are also involved in exploring complex issues concerned with employee productivity and performance (Yeung & Monsell, 2003). According to (Kuther, & Morgan, 2006), industrial / organization psychologists have a role of applying psychology in their work place with aim of solving the numerous personal or organizational problems of psychological nature. These may include issues such as retirements, losing jobs, transfers which involve relocating to hardship zones or even temporary separation from loved ones, change of careers as well as issues related to employee-employer relations. Industrial / organizational psychologists are concerned with issues aimed at bringing about job satisfaction for the employees through a better understanding of human behavior (Rubinstein, Meyer, & Evans, 2001). Additionally, industrial/ Organizational psychologists assist the employers in the selection process in order to ensure that, an organization only recruits the best in the market, by helping employees to adapt well to the workplace as well as helping employers to recruit the best, into the workplace. Industrial /organizational psychologists can be said to form a very important and crucial part of the organizational structure. Usually, industrial/organizational psychologists rely upon a number of tools and instruments to carry out their duties. Notably, industrial psychologists use special tests, surveys, as well as training programs in order to achieve their aims. Apart from working in companies and in the manufacturing industries, industrial/organizational psychologists offer their services in institutions such as universities where by they are primarily concerned with designing of training courses. Besides the above, organizational / industrial psychologists aid organizations to deal with pertinent issues which usually come up in organizations thus threatening the very existence of the same. Such may include challenges in the work place such as, discrimination, favorism, as well as poor relations or negative organizational culture. For one to qualify for the profession, it is mandatory that, one is a graduate, and besides that, a holder of a master or PhD degree. Depending on ones level of qualifications, remuneration slightly varies from organization to organization, but the profession can be termed as highly lucrative. For one to advance to a higher level for instance master or PhD, in most cases, an undergraduate training in a psychology major is necessary for one to be admitted into the course. This is mainly because organizational/industrial psychology profession mainly builds onto psychology courses as well as knowledge. Another useful skill needed in the profession is the knowledge of statistical and research methods. These are particularly important and relevant in that, industrial psychology as a profession dealing with organizational issues often requires the use of empirical studies to solve challenges at the work place. Usually most challenges do require the application of research methods or surveys in order to offer solution and answers to pressing questions (Rubinstein, Meyer, & Evans, 2001). As an organizational / industrial psychologist, one is also required to posses’ sound knowledge and skills in the use of computers. This is very necessary in that, interpretation of research data is best carried out with an aid of statistical software while at the same time most of the presentations done by the organizational/industrial psychologists as well as the preparations which precedes presentations requires sound computational skills. Over and above all, industrial/organizational psychology demands strong communication skills. The most surprising thing about an organizational /industrial psychology profession is the fact that it is possible for one to work in different organizations as well as companies. While there are hundreds of opportunities available for academicians in the field, more exist for non academicians who may involve practitioners and consultants. While academicians who are primarily professors are involved in teaching in universities or colleges, the non-academicians organizational psychologists usually research and work for private companies, government departments and other organizations where their services may be required (Yeung, & Monsell, 2003). The most surprising element for the organization/industrial pspcychology is the fact that, professionals in the field are rarely supervised and the level of autonomy involved is quite amazing. The other surprising thing about the profession is the fact that, the very high qualifications required before one can be enrolled for the course epically in the graduate schools. Finally, it is worthy noting that, the profession requires commitment and however lucrative it may seem, it requires high discipline and commitment for one to be successful.

Ambrose Bierce’s short story “Chickamauga” Essay

Ambrose Bierce’s Chickamauga is a disillusioned child’s awakening. Literally, a six year old deaf boy is thrown into a most horrifically traumatic series of events. His story is relayed in the third person omniscient perspective through the eyes of the child as well as an elder. It takes place during the Civil War in a southern town. Chickamauga begins with the boy’s entrance into the forest where he goes to play solitarily. With him he carries a toy wooden sword with which he battles imaginary enemies to their deaths. Lost in his adventure the boy grows tired and falls asleep between two rocks deep in the woods. While he is a sleep a battle occurs unbeknownst to him. Several hours later the child wakes up and notices alien figures crawling towards him. Without knowing the gravity of the situation occurring before his oblivious eyes, he makes a game of it all. The child assumes a leader position for what he has finally determined to be men, and guides them towards a red light. The red light turns out to be his house on fire. When the child finally reaches the fire he is particularly amused by the raging spectacle. He searches desperately for fuel and finally commits his toy sword to the fire. Suddenly the boy realizes that fire is his own home. Horrified he studies the ghastly scene. He then stumbles upon his brutally murdered mother. The small child gets extremely upset, and at this point the reader learns that child is a deaf-mute. The story can be divided into three essential stages, representational of the boy’s progression from innocence to forced maturity. The boy advances through innocence, progression to familiarity with reality, and awakening. The small child enters the forest joyfully and carelessly, he leaves with tremendous fear, depression, and realization. The forest is symbolic of middle ground between innocence and h orrible reality. The six year old enters the forest as an innocent child with no experience in reality. All of his days until this one have been a candy coated fantasy. He’s spent numerous hours reading and learning about the glories and fairy tale aspects of war with his father. This little boy was born into warrior-blood. All of his predecessors were soldiers including his father. He enjoyed learning about war. However, the fatal mistake of this six year  old little boy’s life was his active interest in combat. It was his interest which led him deep into the forest playing, battling fantasy foes. His fight, his game, his reality until this point in his life was fabricated. The reader gets a real sense of his naivety when he encounters a rabbit and is terrified. Maybe the child has never seen a rabbit before, or maybe he has seen one viewed in a dark light. All facts of this boy’s life until this fateful journey into the woods have been given to him. The knowledge he possessed was second hand; it seems as though he’d never experienced anything himself. His father had delivered all of the information the boy held through books, which ironically glorified war. This child’s tragic encounter with war was so foreign and inconceivable to him that when it so brutally hit him he doesn’t even realize it. The woods in Chickamauga symbolize the cruelty of reality. At his entrance into the forest, this completely innocent six year old begins his journey towards the horrors that await him. When the boy is in the forest he cries himself asleep, terrified of the new and unfamiliar paths he’s traveled. While he’s asleep a battle occurs and his house is set on fire. However the child is deaf so he does not hear what is going on. Finally he wakes up to see what look like animals, which in actuality are the soldiers retreating from the battle that has just occurred, and becomes innately curious. He did not understand what they were, he didn’t know whether they were dogs, horses, bears, he had no idea. As they got closer he â€Å"saw little but that these were men, yet crept like babies.† This fact intrigued him. As he inspected the men he laughed at their unfamiliar state, and related them to clowns he’d seen in a circus. Their bloody faces reminded him of the paint on the clowns’ faces. This optimistic association reveals his ignorance of what actually happened. He then recalled that at his home the Negroes had crawled on their hands and knees for his entertainment. He thought it to be a good, fun idea to attempt to â€Å"ride† one of the soldiers. The child gets a thrust into reality when he is thrown off the man and subsequently forced to see his mangled face. When the boy looks at the man he sees â€Å"a face that lacked a lower jaw–from the upper teeth to the throat was a great red gap fringed with hanging shreds of flesh and splinters of bone.† The reader gets a real sense of the child’s naivety when the child is only slightly  disturbed, as he had been with the rabbit. This forces the child to take a slightly more somber view of the situation. However even after this horrific encounter the boy is still fairly oblivious to what is happening. He witnesses death all around him. When the child sees the soldiers lying dead in the water, â€Å"his eyes expanded with wonder; even his hospitable understanding could not accept a phenomenon implying such vitality as that.† It was not in the child’s range of conception to even take in such horror. It is after this encounter with the garbled soldier that the boy catches sight of the red light which guides him to his miserable fate. After obtaining a more serious perception of the state of affairs, the boy positions himself as leader of the soldiers. It seems at this point that the child has gained some insight into reality from the grotesqueness of the bloody soldiers, but still significantly less than a more aware, less naive person would have acquired. This becomes apparent when the boy is at the fire and enjoys its flaring spectacle to no end. The boy is ecstatic and dances with the flames devouring his house. He even tries to fuel it. The boy searches around the yard for objects to throw in, all are too heavy. He is finally forced to surrender his sword. With his sword the child surrenders his innocence. Suddenly with no warning or cause the boy’s disillusion detonates and reality afflicts him. He realizes that the fire is his own house. Horrified at his abrupt realization the boy runs â€Å"with stumbling feet,† frightened at what he is witnessing. At this point he encounters his mother. He sees her with â€Å"the clothing deranged, the long dark hair in tangles and full of clotted blood. The greater part of the forehead was torn away, and from the jagged hole the brain protruded, overflowing the temple, a frothy mass of gray, crowned with clusters of crimson bubbles.† This is his final jolt that forces him to the rock-bottom, ultimate darkness of reality. This sight of his mother, probably raped, brutally murdered jerks him into shock. Traumatized, the young boy â€Å"moved his little hands, making wild, uncertain gestures. He uttered a series of inarticulate and indescribable cries.† This is his horrible awakening. Chickamauga is representational not only of the boy’s awakening, but of human awakening as well. The child’s initial entry into the forest is symbolic of  every journey we take as humans into the unknown. In the forest he acquired immense amounts of insight into what reality could be, but had trouble comprehending the severity of what he was witnessing. It was not until the trauma personally affected him that the small child was struck with what actually happened. This is parallel for most humans in their experiences with trauma. Trauma is real and depressing when it is witnessed personally by someone, but when it is inflicted upon someone we know or love it becomes so intensely real that it is impossible to grasp. This impossible conception is analogous to the small boy’s incoherent cries and gestures at the end. The theft of this child’s innocence was slow and unperceivable in the forest, but most definitely contributed to the final jolt the child felt at the end. The boy slowly progressed towards reality, and when it finally clicked it was appalling.

Aflatoxin essays

Aflatoxin essays Aflatoxins are toxic carcinogens that are produced by fungi on crops or in feed. Aflatoxin is more than likely the most researched fungus because of the horrible effects it has on crops, animals, and humans. The fungus occurs when environmental conditions are abnormal, such as a drought or an insect infestation. There are many ways to prevent the growth of aflatoxin and to test for it once the fungus has infected the crops. Aflatoxin is a carcinogenic fungus that affects many living things including crops, animals, and humans. Aflatoxin spores are carried by wind, insects, and many other things, to the developing kernels. They infect the kernels by germinating on the silks and growing into the developing kernels. The fungus usually appears as a yellow-green or brownish spore mass and occurs most frequently on the tips of the ears. Depending on the amount of fungus in the crop, the grain may be used for food or feed. Otherwise, the corn would have to be destroyed (Stack). The chance of animals being affected by aflatoxin varies depending on species, age, sex, and nutrition. Some of the diseases that aflatoxin has been known to cause in animals are liver damage, decreased milk and egg production, and immunity suppression to infections (Aflatoxins 4). The presence of cancer has also been found in many animals due to aflatoxin contamination. Humans are exposed to aflatoxins by eating foods with products of fungal growth. Exposure is difficult to avoid because most fungal growth in foods is not easy to prevent. Acute aflatoxicosis in humans has been reported from many parts of the world, namely the Third World Countries, like Taiwan, Uganda, and India. The disease is characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, pulmonary edema, convulsions, coma, and death. The conditions that increase the likelihood of this disease include limited availability of food, environmental conditions that favor fungal develop...

Colour in cinema Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Colour in cinema - Literature review Example ram (2008) argued that the use of colour in cinema has become a preferred and more acceptable part of the viewing audience as against the use of monochrome. In line with the acceptability that has been attached to the use colour in cinema, several theories and concepts have been developed about what different forms of colour represents and how these can best be used to send the right meanings to the viewing audience. This literature review therefore attempts to answer the critical question of how best the multiplicity of colour can be managed in cinema to send the right meaning to audience. Street (2012) noted that the history of colour in motion picture in Britain can be traced as far back as 1899 when Edward Raymond Turner patented a colour additive system in England. However, it was not until 1902 that the additive colour system was tested. This shows that the very first cases of colour in motion pictures in Britain started in the form of additive colour when colour was externally created by mixing the light of two or more different colours (Katz, 1991). The first additive colour system by Turner was regarded by many as complex and so a more simplified version was created by George Albert Smith, which saw commercial success in 1909 (Bordwell & Kristin, 2004). In the study by Street (2012) however, her emphasis was on how the concept of colour in motion pictures was embraced in its early forms in Britain. This is because according to her, the idea of black-and-white films had been with the people for long and was considered superior and natural in state than the earl iest forms of colour films. However, with time, film makers and the audience saw colour films as a way of developing the unique British aesthetic (Jamilla, 2008). It is not surprising that by 1930, there had been several innovators and inventors who had produced films that demonstrated remarkable experimentation and quality through the use of colour (Street, 2012). As colour films have become a part

SCOTS LAW - commercial law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

SCOTS LAW - commercial law - Essay Example In the development of Scots law roman principles were used. Law of the roman people gave individuals the right to enjoy certain privileges; in return, the people had a variety of obligations to fulfil. These principles find applications to help solve a variety of court cases in modern day Scotland unlike in England where court decisions are based on past rulings by judges in given cases, often known as common law. Some of the laws in Scotland find their origin from various courts. These could be in England, Scotland and from other courts across Europe. Courts are of great importance in the Scottish legal system as they can amend the law. Another source of Scottish law is lawyers who flourished in the seventeen and eighteen centuries. These lawyers wrote books that set out the precedence on which the Scottish law is based. Most of the principles were originally from the roman laws. Various lawyers who practice law today in Scotland follow and apply these principles to modern day law. The legislature in the United Kingdom makes laws through ‘acts of parliament.’ The laws are taken through the process of legislation; here they are first introduced as bills. From bills, they undergo further amendments until they finally signed into by the queen. Scotland established its own parliament. The government of the United Kingdom delegated some power to the Scottish parliament to make laws. The parliament in Scotland is, however, a minor player as the United Kingdom parliament is still supreme when it comes to legislation function. The right of humans are a fundamental part of life and it is important that they be protected by the law. These rights include the right to private life and the right to express oneself freely. The European Commission on Human Rights put these laws to ensure protection of human rights. Human right law is a significant source of law as all laws made must conform to it. The rights of humans

Censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Censorship - Essay Example In my personal case, I would consider censorship to be the deliberate suppression of speech, communication, information, ideas and opinions in order to influence another person. Additionally, censorship can also be either good or bad or both, depending on the situation or what the author of an article entitled â€Å"The Ed Sullivan Show and the (Censored) Sounds of the Sixties† had termed as the contexts in which censorship occurs (Inglis 565). This article is an examination of the general and particular contexts in which censorship was imposed on the content of written and performance songs during the 1950s and the 1960s. The music industry at that time had seen the need to exercise censorship on some forms of music which they had found to be offensive to public morals such as glorification of sex, drugs, violence or political views. In particular, music industry executives were concerned with the immense popularity of rock & roll music within the younger generations and its capacity to influence these people with regards to song content such as references to blasphemy, sexual content, violence, drugs and political extremism. The period mentioned in article was one of political conservatism. Censorship is controversial because it conflicts with rights under the First Amendment which is guaranteed by the Constitution. However, censorship can change over time because a societys mores and values also change over time. This is the same case with a persons values which can change over the course of his lifetime. In other words, a person while younger may be liberal in most matters but then gradually becomes a conservative with regards to certain issues such as sex, choice of music, clothing preferences and political views. The issue of censorship is also a matter of personal opinion and this is what makes it an extremely controversial topic to discuss. A person may have different opinions

The Wal-Mart Essay Example for Free

The Wal-Mart Essay Currently, Kroger is the country’s largest traditional supermarket chain. Kroger sells over $60 billion a year, and operates over 2500 supermarkets across the country. But even Kroger is still in competition with Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart’s philosophy and culture does not appear to value consumer or company ethics. They compete with more than food prices. Many supercenters offer a full-service drive-thru pharmacy, an optical center, a 1-hour photo processing center, a portrait studio, a bank, video rental store, hair and nail salon, fast food chain, tire shop, and even offer 24 hour a day-365 days a year availability. The temperature controls for all of Wal-Mart’s stores across the country are controlled by one computer in Bentonville, Arkansas. Because of Wal-Mart’s size, they have the power to instruct suppliers on how to package their products, including meats. However, meats is one area of the supermarket industry that Wal-Mart has some weaknesses because many supermarkets provide a friendly neighborhood butcher who provides a friendly face and customized approach to consumers’ meat needs. To Wal-Mart, hiring a butcher is a labor expense that is not needed. These types of attitudes in the supermarket industry are exactly the reason why consumers may choose to seek their family grocery needs in a culture and environment where more emphasis is placed on quality customer service, up-to-date technological advances, marketing strategies that cater to a more culturally-diverse consumer, quality products, and a smaller environment that provides a neighborhood-marketplace atmosphere. Smaller supermarkets can offer a wider variety of products, particularly fresh fruits and vegetables, meat, poultry and fish. Many successful smaller supermarket chains sell a limited number of grocery items to ensure that the quality is maintained and products are not sitting on a shelf for an extended period of time, and change the product mix frequently to offer unique products at a good value, changing the shopping experience for every visit, especially for repeat and loyal customers. A study conducted in 1999 found that the implementation of customer loyalty programs/frequent shopper programs increased by 16 percent from the first quarter of 1998. As loyalty programs increase, and marketing technology becomes more integrated and advanced, the responsible analysis and collection of customer data will provide merchandisers with numerous opportunities to market products, programs and services that supermarkets can offer to its consumers, including those in an ethnically-diverse population. Supermarkets must be responsible and ethical in their collection of data about their consumers and cater to their shopping needs by offering both quality customer service from its employees, and quality products that fulfill their shopping needs. Extensive study must be done on the consumer to uncover where shoppers shop for certain needs like staple items, meats, fresh fruits and vegetables, and organic foods, and offer these products in the most cost-effective manner so that the smaller supermarkets do not lose their market share to the larger supercenters and chains.

Working and Non Working Mother Health Comparison

Working and Non Working Mother Health Comparison Chen and Lin (1992). Daily life demands, social support, life satisfaction and health of working women and housewives. To see the stress related to daily work overload, the Daily Life Demand scale, Social Support Scale along with the Life Satisfaction Scale and the Symptomatic scales are used to make comparisons between working women and housewives. A survey was conducted on 444 Taipei women revealing that daily life demands are experienced more by working women than housewives but also they have more support in dealing with these demands. The results showed high stress levels to be reported by all women being little more in working women than in housewives. Higher life satisfaction was reported by housewives and a higher degree of depression was experienced by working women. Mukhopadhyay et al (1993). Working status and anxiety levels of urban educated women in Calcutta. A study group from Calcutta resident working mothers was compared with a socioeconomically similar group of non-working mothers with respect to their anxiety level, measured by the Anxiety Scale Questionnaire. The relationships between anxiety score and age of these women were studied. Non working mothers showed higher anxiety levels than their working counterparts with respect to the total anxiety score as well as components, although the differences were statistically non-significant. Doby Caplan (1995). Organizational Stress as Threat to Reputation: Effects on Anxiety at Work and at Home. The results of this study showed that high threat stressors were most likely to generate the anxiety experienced at home and for this the anxiety experienced at work was the key mediator. Rout et al (1997). Working and non-working mothers: a comparative study. This study examines whether positive or neutral effects on women’s health are found in employed mothers by comparing working and non-working mothers. The results showed that working mothers reported less depression and had better mental health than non-working mothers. Major stressor for working mothers was a lack of social life whereas not having enough time to do everything was reported as a source of stress for working mothers. This study emphasizes on the benefits than costs of multiple role involvement. Welch Booth (1997). Employment and health among married women. Sample of 500 urban married women was used to evaluate the possible effect of outside-the-home employment on the mental as well as on physical health of married women. It was found that wives who had been employed for more than a year were healthier than wives not employed outside the home and wives who had worked less than one year. Whereas, housewives who had never worked outside the home were healthier, on the whole, than wives who had been employed at some time in the past. Poor marital relationships and having no preschool age children seemed to increase the health advantage of long term employed wives over those in the housewife categories. Whereas the occupational status of wife and husband did not seem to change these health differences very much. Macewan Barling(1998). Inter role conflict, family support and marital adjustment of employed mothers: A short term, longitudinal study. This was done basically to address the two issues, the effect of inter role conflict on marital adjustment and the moderating role of social support and hardiness being considered within the same analysis. To the inter role conflict, family support, personality hardiness and marital adjustment of 51 employed mothers were assessed twice, three months apart. Using hierarchical regression analyses, inter role conflict and family support exerted main effects on marital adjustment at time 1. More importantly, a significant inters role conflict/family support interaction predicted change in marital adjustment over three months. High family support exerted a negative impact on marital adjustment when inter role conflict was high. Greenhaus Beutell (2000) Sources of Conflict between Work and Family Roles. This study examined the literature on the conflict between work and family roles and found out that work-family conflict exists when: (a) time devoted to the requirements of one role makes it difficult to fulfill requirements of another; (b) strain from participation in one role makes it difficult to fulfill requirements of another; and (c) specific behaviors required by one role make it difficult to fulfill the requirements of another. Birch Kamli (2000) Psychological stress, anxiety, depression, job satisfaction, and personality characteristics in preregistration house officers. This study got lifestyle questionnaires filled by the officers and measured the self rated psychological stress, state anxiety, job satisfaction, and personality characteristics. It was seen that more of women suffered psychological stress, possible anxiety and possible depression. Nelson Quick (2000). Professional Women: Are Distress and Disease Inevitable? This study states that discrimination, stereotyping, the marriage/work interface, and social isolation are a source of stress for professional women. The study also identified a mentor, locus of control, self-confidence, and self-awareness as moderators for a stress-strain relationship. Paterniti et al (2002) Psychosocial factors at work, personality traits and depressive symptoms, Longitudinal results from the Gazel Study. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between psychosocial factors at work and changes in depressive symptoms, taking into account personality traits. The results showed that irrespective of the personality traits high scores were seen in both the genders when the job demands were high with low social support at work. Krantz et al (2003).Total workload, work stress and perceived symptoms in Swedish male and female white-collar employees. This research studies how the perceived symptoms of the white collar employees are associated with paid work, unpaid household tasks, child care, work–child care interactions and perceived work stress. Singapore Management Reviews published an article (2003) on work family conflict of managers by survey approach. Work and family are two important aspects of man’s life. The paper examined the nature of the conflict and its effects on manager. An empirical survey was described, aimed at enhancing the understanding the conflict that the individual experienced. This showed that although most of the respondent would trade some learning for family time, job related issue, investing security, flexible working hour and high profile for value ahead of laser activity but at a cost of behavior based, time based and strain based. Twenty percent of respondents strongly agreed that they would trade their income for lesser hour at work to spend time with their families, thirty percent of the respondents were neutral, forty percent of the respondents agreed that their family will accept and adjust to any necessary arrangements required. Iqbal et al (2004). Anxiety in non-working women with reference to their education, family system and number of children. The objective of the study was to observe the presence of anxiety in working and non working women with reference to their education, family system and the number of their children setting. Purposive sampling technique used to select the sample of 50 working women and 50 non working women. Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was administered on all women to assess on their anxiety level. Anxiety was observed more in non working women than in working women. A statistically significant association was found between anxiety in women and education. It was concluded that all non-working women should be supported morally and socially to spare some time for their entertainment and pleasurable activities outside homes to distract the monotony of routine work. Hashmi et al (2006). Marital Adjustment, Stress and Depression Among Working and Non-Working Married Women. This study explores the relationship between marital adjustment stress and depression. Results also show that working married women have to face more problems in their married life as compared to non-working married women. Also it was seen that highly educated working and non-working married women can perform well in their married life and they are free from depression as compared to educated working and non-working married women. Melchior et al (2007) studied depression and anxiety in young, working women and men due to work stress. The results showed that participants exposed to high psychological job demands (excessive workload, extreme time pressures) had a twofold risk of major depression or generalized anxiety disorder compared to those with low job demands. The study stated that in previously healthy young workers, diagnosable depression and anxiety is precipitated by work stress. Aleem and Danish (2008). Marital satisfaction and Anxiety among single and dual career women at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi. The sample was selected by using purposive sampling 60 single and dual career women whose age group ranged from 25 to 45 years were studied using purposive method of sampling from Delhi. A Marital Satisfaction Scale was used to see the level of marital satisfaction among the two groups of women whereas; Sinha Comprehensive Anxiety Scale was administered on the sample to examine their level of anxiety. It has been found that pressure and hassles of jobs not only affect marital life but also proved to be a major source of anxiety particularly among women and also marital satisfaction among working women hardly get disturbed due to their multiple role but the thought processes seemed to be disturbed that is manifested in the higher anxiety among women. Netterstom et al (2008) The Relation between Work-related Psychosocial Factors and the Development of Depression. The study found moderate evidence for a relation between development of depression and the psychological demands of the job. Also it was seen that social support at work decreased the risk for future depression. Weiclaw et al (2008) Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce. This study examined the relation between psychosocial working conditions and the risk of anxiety and working conditions. The results showed high risks of depression but decreased risk of anxiety disorders related to high emotional demands and working with people. Dew et al (2009) studied mental health effects of job loss in women. This study reviews literature on involuntary job loss and its effects on mental health among women. The occurrence and duration of lay-off was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms, but not anxiety-related symptoms. Results showed that among women who were laid off, those who had poor levels of support from their husband and those experiencing more financial difficulties reported higher levels of depression. Kaur et al (2011). Comparative study on working and non working married women: effect of anxiety level on life satisfaction. The objective of the study was to find out whether the anxiety level has any significant impact on the life satisfaction of the working and non-working married women. Research investigated the effect of anxiety level on the â€Å"life satisfaction† among the working and non working married women. â€Å"Satisfaction with Life Scale†, and â€Å"State-Trait Anxiety Test† was administered on an equal sample of women participants (n=45) from both the groups. Two way ANOVA was used for data analysis. The result showed that anxiety and life satisfaction are experienced differently by working and non-working women. The results of the study show that females those who are working and married, are low on anxiety with higher life satisfaction in comparison to the non-working married females. They perceived their life as challenging and secure. They fe el more comfortable with their life situations. On the other hand, the non working married females are less satisfied with their lives and their anxiety level is also higher than the anxiety level of working females. LilhareBorkar (2011). Comparative study on Stress and Anxiety in Working Women Performing Clerical and Shift Hour Duties. The study was designed to compare the stress, and anxiety level among different profession of working women. The study was an exploratory study. The Stress, Anxiety and Status test were administered on 200 samples, 100 for clerical working women and 100 for shift hour duty working women. The data was obtained and was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t tests and compared. The findings of the research indicates that the working women performing Clerical and Shift Hour duties have significant difference on the measure of Stress,Status but do not have significant difference on the measure of anxiety. Virtanen et al (2011). Long working hours and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a 5 year follow up of the Whitehall II study. This study examined how long working hours are associated with the onset of depression and anxiety symptoms in middle aged employees. The results showed two fold risk of developing depressive and anxiety symptoms in employees working for more than 55 hours a week as compared to those working 35-40 hours a week. Also sex-stratified analysis showed that women are more prone to depression and anxiety than men. Revati and Jogsan (2012). Mental Health and Depression among Working and Non-Working Women. Total number sample taken was 80 women. The research tool used for mental health was measured by Dr. D.J. Bhatt and Gita R. Geeda (1992). Whereas the tool for depression inventory was used which was made byBeck (1961).t test was applied to check the significance of mental health and depression in working and non working women to check the correlation method was used. And results revealed that significance difference in mental health and depression with respect to both working and non working women on mental health and depression. Adhikari (2012) conducted a study on Anxiety and Depression: Comparative Study between Working and Non-Working Mothers. A significant number of mothers are working and playing the dual role of an employee and housekeeper to provide financial help to their families. These mothers experience anxiety and depression regarding the time they spend with their children and child care method. The results showed significant differences in degree of depression and anxiety of working mothers but no significant difference in that of non-working mothers. Bhadoria (2013). Level of Anxiety and Depression Among Working Women and Non Working Women of Gwalior. As today’s women have a whole set of responsibilities and problems involving the professional and family life, this study tried to compare the levels of depression and anxiety among working and non working women. The results obtained showed significant levels of difference between working and non working women. Fall et al (2013). Comparative study of major depressive symptoms among pregnant women by employment status. This study compares the prevalence of major depressive symptoms between subgroups of pregnant women: working women, women who had stopped working, housewives and students; and to identify risk factors for major depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Prevalence of major depressive symptoms was the lowest for working women as compared to housewives. Multivariate analyses showed that other factors such as low education, low social support outside of work, having experienced acute stressful events, lack of money for basic needs, experiencing marital strain, having a chronic health problem, country of birth, and smoking were significantly associated with major depressive symptoms Balaji et al (2014). A Comparative Study on Depression among Working and Non-Working Women in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. This study was done to assess the burden of depression its risk factors among adult female working and non working population. The results indicated that working women suffer more from depression than non-working women. The risk factors for depression were identified as economic problems workplace problems, relationship problems and no personal life satisfaction.

Mathematics in the Primary School Essay -- education, teaching, learnin

â€Å"A successful learner in mathematics involves constructing understanding through exploration, problem solving, discussion and practical experience and evidentially through a teacher who has a clear grasp of the underlying structure of the mathematics being taught† (Haylock 2010:3). Analysing my personal journey through mathematics will allow me to explore if my experiences have influenced my attitudes towards mathematics. Beginning by exploring the ways in which I was taught as a child, examining what framework was used for the teaching of mathematics, before continuing to explore if education reforms and learning strategies could have influenced by experiences. Concluding by reflecting on my attitude towards mathematics as an adult and trainee teacher, discussing how they will affect or influence the methods of teaching I will adopt. Entering formal education in 1991 I was taught by means of the revised version of mathematical national curriculum 1991 (DfE 2013b) brought about by the Educational Reform Act 1988.The main two principles of the national curriculum were: firstly to ensure all pupils learn and achieve and secondly to promote pupils spiritual, moral, social and cultural development (DES 1987) The basis of therevised curriculum and its associated testing was to standardise the content taught across schools in order to raise standards of attainment in mathematics. With the introduction of a national curriculum came the introduction of national tests SATs, programmes of study, attainment targets and levels. This was the framework for my memories of mathematics to be established (DfE 2013a). My early recollections of being taught mathematics are through teacher explanation followed by an activity to complete to show you we... ...Utusun Ofsted. (2010). Learning: creative approaches that raise standards. Available: http://www.creativitycultureeducation.org/wp-content/uploads/learning-creative- approaches-that-raise-standards-250.pdf. Last accessed 8th Nov 2013. Orton, A (2004). Learning Mathematics: Issues, Theory and Classroom Practice. 3rd ed. London: Continuum. 49-57. Pound L and Lee T (2011). Teaching Mathematics Creatively. Oxon: Routledge Skemp, R (2002). Mathematics in the Primary School. 2nd ed. London: Taylor and Francis . Stewart, I (2013). The Great Mathematical Problems. London : Profile Books William, P. (2008). Independent Review of Mathematics Teaching in Early Years Settings and Primary Schools. Available: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https://www.education.go v.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Williams%20Mathematics.pdf. Last accessed 1st Nov 2013.